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自然·氣候變化：NMT鈣流為氣候變化致冰藻運動能力下降提供信號證據
NMT作為生命科學底層核心技術，是建立活體創新科研平臺的*技術。2005年~2020年，NMT已扎根中國15年。2020年，中國NMT銷往瑞士蘇黎世大學，正式打開歐洲市場。
研究使用平臺：NMT微藻創新科研平臺
期刊：Nature Climate Change
主題：NMT鈣流為氣候變化導致冰藻運動能力下降提供信號調節證據
標題：Decreased motility of flagellated microalgae
long-term acclimated to CO2-induced acidified waters
影響因子：21.72
檢測指標：Ca2+流速
檢測樣品：極地冰藻
Ca2+流實驗處理方法：
極地冰藻在280、400、700、1,000、1,500和2,000 ppm的CO2濃度環境下，傳代培養5年
Ca2+流實驗測試液成份：
0.2 mM CaCl2, 360 mM NaCl, 2.0 mM NaHCO3, 8.0 mM KCl, 0.1 mM Na2SO4, 0.05 mM H3BO3, 0.5 mM NH4NO3, 2.0 mM Tris
作者：中國水產科學研究院黃海水產研究所葉乃好、王依濤
中文摘要（谷歌機翻）
運動在藻類的生存和繁殖中起著至關重要的作用，對水生生態系統的穩定性具有重要意義。但是，尚不清楚二氧化碳濃度升高對海洋，咸淡水和淡水藻類運動的影響。
在這里，我們使用實驗室的微尺度和中尺度尺度的實驗表明，三種典型的浮游植物物種隨著二氧化碳的增加而運動性降低。極地海洋Microglena sp.，歐洲鹽藻杜氏鹽藻和淡水萊茵衣藻在不同二氧化碳濃度下生長了5年。長期適應的Microglena sp。在所有處理中均顯示出顯著降低的光反應，并且有憎光反應影響細胞內鈣濃度。
調節鞭毛運動的基因被顯著下調（P <0.05），同時鞭毛脫落的基因表達也顯著增加（P <0.05）。D. salina和C. reinhardtii表現出相似的結果，表明活力變化在鞭毛物種中很常見。
由于鞭毛的結構和彎曲機制從單細胞生物到脊椎動物都是保守的，這些結果表明增加的地表水二氧化碳濃度可能影響從藻類到魚類的鞭毛細胞。
The mean flux of Ca2+ under different pCO2 I scenarios. Mean ± s.d. values per experimental assay are given (n = 3). Upper, Ca2+ efflux under positive phototaxis. Lower, Ca2+ influx under negative phototaxis. ‘−’ on the vertical scale means Ca2+ entry. LC4, flagellar outer dynein arm light chain 4; DC3, outer dynein arm docking complex protein 3; IC138, arm dynein; RSP, radial spoke protein; PF20, a protein of the central pair apparatus; PKA, cAMP-dependent protein kinase; PP2A, protein phosphatase 2A; CK1, casein kinase DIP13/NA14, deflagellation inducible protein; DNAAF3/PF22, axonemal dynein assembly factor. Mean ± s.d. values per experimental assay are given (n = 3). Different letters (a–c) in panel indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatments.
英文摘要
Motility plays a critical role in algal survival and reproduction, with implications for aquatic ecosystem stability. However, the effect of elevated CO2 on marine, brackish and freshwater algal motility is unclear.
Here we show, using laboratory microscale and field mesoscale experiments, that three typical phytoplankton species had decreased motility with increased CO2. Polar marine Microglena sp., euryhaline Dunaliella salina and freshwater Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were grown under different CO2 concentrations for 5 years. Long-term acclimated Microglena sp. showed substantially decreased photo-responses in all treatments, with a photophobic reaction affecting intracellular calcium concentration.
Genes regulating flagellar movement were significantly downregulated (P < 0.05), alongside a significant increase in gene expression for flagellar shedding (P < 0.05). D. salina and C. reinhardtii showed similar results, suggesting that motility changes are common across flagellated species.
As the flagella structure and bending mechanism are conserved from unicellular organisms to vertebrates, these results suggest that increasing surface water CO2 concentrations may affect flagellated cells from algae to fish.